Kryuchkova S.E., Khrapov S.A. Philosophy in a Modern University: Problems of Teaching Methodology and Prospects in the Context of a New Education Model “2+2+2”
DOI: https://doi.org/10.15688/lp.jvolsu.2022.1.5
Svetlana E. Kryuchkova
Doctor of Sciences (Philosophy), Professor, Department of Humanities, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation
Prosp. Leningradsky, 49, 125165? Moscow, Russian Federation
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9213-8503
Sergey A. Khrapov
Doctor of Sciences (Philosophy), Professor, Department of Philosophy, Astrakhan State University
Tatishcheva St, 20A, 414056 Astrakhan, Russian Federation
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1962-748X
Abstract. The change in the status of philosophy in a modern university forces a critical review of the existing practices of its teaching and sets the task of finding modern and more effective ways of mastering philosophical thought. It is shown that their development should be preceded by a new formulation of the question of the mission of the modern university and the goals that society sets before it, in the form of requirements for its graduates from the main social actors – the state, business and civil society. The article highlights and discusses the main strategies for teaching philosophy in Russian universities, their advantages and disadvantages. It is shown that the most productive strategy that contributes to the emergence of a desire among future specialists to analyze social phenomena not only on the basis of personal life experience, today is a problem-oriented strategy, which initially involves a debatable discussion of philosophical problems. An analysis of the existing teaching practices shows that, despite the fundamental differences, all of them somehow face similar methodological difficulties, which many see as the way to overcome them in the search for a new "systematic". Without addressing questions about the fundamental possibility of its creation, the article substantiates the need to reach conventions on what a university course of philosophy should include in a mandatory plan for non-philosophical specialties, and to build its matrix structure on this basis. In search of a "new universality" and taking into account the expectations of modern students from philosophy, a practical approach should become the key in building the course program today. This approach makes it possible to outline the general architectonics of a university philosophy course aimed at developing critical thinking in the context of the transformation of higher education in accordance with the 2+2+2 model. The new logic of the organization of the bachelor's degree, which is based on the idea of delayed choice and conscious self-determination of students, will make it possible to solve the problem of developing critical thinking much more successfully. Setting the formation of critical thinking as a key goal of teaching philosophy can fulfill the role of the desired systematizing factor.
Key words: university philosophy, upbringing, training, knowledge-based approach, philosophy teaching strategies, critical thinking, education model "2+2+2".
Citation. Kryuchkova S.E., Khrapov S.A. Philosophy in a Modern University: Problems of Teaching Methodology and Prospects in the Context of a New Education Model "2+2+2". Logos et Praxis, 2022, vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 43-53. (in Russian). DOI: https://doi.org/10.15688/lp.jvolsu.2022.1.5
Philosophy in a Modern University: Problems of Teaching Methodology and Prospects in the Context of a New Education Model “2+2+2” by Kryuchkova S.E., Khrapov S.A. is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
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