Petrova I.A., Avkhodeeva E.A. THE CULTURAL REVOLUTIONS OF THE 20th CENTURY: RUPTURE WITH THE TRADITIONAL CULTURE OR ITS CONTINUATION?
Petrova Irina Aleksandrovna
Doctor of Philosophic Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of History and Country Studies, Volgograd State Medical University
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Pavshikh Bortsov Sq., 1, 400131 Volgograd, Russian Federation
Avkhodeeva Evgeniya Andreevna
Postgraduate Student, Department of History and Country Studies, Volgograd State Medical University, PR Specialist, Confucius Institute, Volgograd State Socio-Pedagogical University
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Pavshikh Bortsov Sq., 1, 400131 Volgograd, Russian Federation
Abstract. The article studies classical cultural revolutions of 20th century from the perspective of attitude to traditional culture. These revolutions include the Cultural Revolution in Soviet Russia, in Nazi Germany, as well as the later Great Cultural Revolution in China. They have some common features: all of them took place in totalitarian societies and were organized by higher authorities as forced, in relation to traditional culture, political reforms. These reforms often represented open destruction of cultural legacy. The theory of cultural revolutions implied the abolition of cultural elite and the creation of absolutely new culture. This aim was supposed to be achieved by influencing the individual's consciousness, so the cultural reforms were often seen as the process of mass consciousness manipulation where the government administrated by means of implicit ideology and provoked the situation of nonreflex "organized approval" of the majority. However, authors come to conclusion, that despite of the seeming originality of revolutionary reforms, they could not be realized, if they were based on the transmission mechanisms, established by traditional culture experience. These mechanisms, rooted at the level of mass consciousness and collective mental ideas, were used in the course of uneven political and cultural reforms.
Key words: cultural revolution, traditional culture, the translation mechanism of cultural heritage, mass consciousness, collective mental representations.
THE CULTURAL REVOLUTIONS OF THE 20th CENTURY: RUPTURE WITH THE TRADITIONAL CULTURE OR ITS CONTINUATION? by Petrova I.A., Avkhodeeva E.A. is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
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